How each model works.
When you apply at a bank, one institution evaluates you against its own programs and pricing. If you fit, the process can be simple. If you don't fit that particular box, the answer is no — even when a different lender would say yes.
A broker is an intermediary with access to many lenders. Your file is matched against multiple programs, which matters most when your situation has any texture: self-employment, a recent credit event, a specific property type, or a program-fit question like FHA versus conventional.